Mohamed M. Atalla (Arabic: محمد عطاالله; August 4, 1924 – December 30, 2009) was an Egyptian-American engineer, physicist, cryptographer, inventor, and entrepreneur. He was an expert in semiconductors and helped shape modern electronics.
Dawon Kahng (Korean: 강대원; May 4, 1931 – May 13, 1992) was a Korean-American electrical engineer and inventor. He is best known for helping to create the MOSFET (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor, or MOS transistor) in 1959 with his colleague, Mohamed Atalla. Kahng and Atalla developed the PMOS and NMOS processes for making MOSFET semiconductor devices.
John Bardeen (May 23, 1908 – January 30, 1991) was an American physicist. He is the only person to win the Nobel Prize in Physics twice. He first won in 1956 with William Shockley and Walter Brattain for creating the transistor.
Walter Houser Brattain ( / ˈ b r æ t n / BRAT -n ; February 10, 1902 – October 13, 1987) was an American physicist. He shared the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics with John Bardeen and William Shockley for creating the point-contact transistor. Brattain spent much of his life studying surface states.
William Bradford Shockley (February 13, 1910 – August 12, 1989) was an American scientist. He led a research team at Bell Labs that included John Bardeen and Walter Brattain. The three scientists shared the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics for their work on semiconductors and the discovery of the transistor effect.
Jack St. Clair Kilby was an American electronics engineer born on November 8, 1923, and died on June 20, 2005. He worked at Texas Instruments in 1958 and helped create the first integrated circuit with Robert Noyce from Fairchild Semiconductor.
Robert Norton Noyce (December 12, 1927 – June 3, 1990), known as “the Mayor of Silicon Valley,” was an American physicist and entrepreneur. He helped start Fairchild Semiconductor in 1957 and Intel Corporation in 1968. He also helped create the first monolithic integrated circuit, or microchip, made with silicon.
Gordon Earle Moore was born on January 3, 1929, and passed away on March 24, 2023. He was an American businessman, scientist, and engineer. He co-founded Intel Corporation and served as its former chairman.
Andrew “Andy” Stephen Grove (born Gróf András István; September 2, 1936 – March 21, 2016) was a Hungarian-American businessman and engineer who worked as the third CEO of Intel Corporation. He left the Hungarian People’s Republic during the 1956 revolution when he was 20 years old and moved to the United States, where he completed his education. He joined Intel as its third employee and later became its third CEO, helping the company grow into the world’s largest semiconductor company.
Fred Pollack is a retired engineer who worked with microprocessors. He contributed to the development of several Intel chips, including serving as the lead engineer for the Intel iAPX 432, the lead architect for the Intel i960, and the lead architect for the Pentium Pro. He focused on superscalar design.